참나무속 Quercus LINN.

1. 각두 총포는 바늘 같은 포린으로 덮이고 얻은 낙엽성이다.

2. 톱니는 바늘처럼 뾰족하고 열매는 2 년만에 익는다.

3. 잎의 뒷면에 단모 또는 여러 세포로 된 단모가 있다  ·········································································91. 상수리나무

3. 잎의 뒷면에 단모와 성모다.

4. 뒷편는 성모생하고 기에 코르크가 발달한다 ·································································92. 굴참나무

4. 잎의 뒷면단모대부이지만 성모도 섞이고 때로모가 일부 밀생것도 있다  ························93. 정릉참나무

2. 같이 매는 당년에 성숙한.

5. 새 밑귀갈이 생겼다.

6. 렇고 구구불하다. 이 대개 1cm 이하이다 ·······················································94. 떡갈나무

6. 은 털   ··················································································································96. 신갈나무

5. 은 좁아들다.

7. 단모의 주맥에만 다가 곧 떨어지고 잎자루길이 1~3 cm이  ···········································95. 갈참나무

7. 단모는 잎의 뒷전체에 흩어져 있다   ························································································97. 졸참나무

1. 상수로서 포린은 대개 동심원으로 배한다. 열매는 2 년 만에 성숙한다.

8. 에 톱니가 없다 ···················································································································108. 붉가시나무

8. 니가 있다.

9. 잎의 는 6cm 이상이다.

10. 잎은 뒷에 털없거흰 털이 약간 있.

11. 잎은 난상 장원형이윗부분5내외의 가 있고 뒷면은 회색이다  ···································109. 종가시나무

11. 잎은 피침침형이며 10 개 이상의 니가 있고 뒷면이 희다.

12. 잎의 뒷은 처음부맥은 11 ~15이다 ·····························································110. 가시나무

12. 잎의 뒷면은 처음부과 흰 루로 있고 측10-12 이다 ········································111. 참가시나무

10. 잎의 뒷면에 황색 털밀생한다   ······················································································112. 개가시나무

9. 의 길이는 6cm 이하다   ···································································································113. 졸가시나무