제비꽃과 Violaceae

제비꽃속 Viola LINN.

1. 지상으로 자라는 포복지가 없다.

2. 잎은 복엽이며 깊은 결각이 있다.

3. 잎은 복엽이다 ··················································································································1191. 남산제비꽃

3. 톱니가 깊거나 결각상이다

4. 잎은 결각상에서 복엽에 이르기까지 있다 ···············································································1192. 단풍제비꽃

4. 톱니가 깊다 ··················································································································1193. 화엄제비꽃

2. 잎에 톱니만 있다.

5. 삭과에 털이 있다.

6. 잎은 심장상 원형이고 삭과는 구형이다.

7. 폐쇄화가 있다 ············································································································1194. 아욱제비꽃

7. 폐쇄화가 없다.

8. 옆면에 무늬가 없다 ································································································1195. 둥근털제비꽃

8. 옆면에 무늬가 있다 ···································································································1196. 알록제비꽃

6. 잎은 난상 타원형이며 털이 많다 ··························································································1197. 털제비꽃

5. 삭과에 털이 없다.

9. 지하경은 옆으로 자라며 마디가 뚜렷하다.

10. 잎은 난상 원형이며 전체적으로 털이 있다 ··········································································1198. 잔털제비꽃

10. 옆은 심장형이다.

11. 잎의 뒷면 맥에 털이 있다. 폐쇄화가 없고 삭과는 갈색 반점이 있다 ·········································1199. 고깔제비꽃

11. 잎에 털이 있고 폐쇄화가 열매를 맺으며 자주색 무늬가 있다 ··················································1200. 금강제비꽃

9. 지하경은 거의 없으며 때로 땅속 포복경이 자라는 것이 있다.

12. 꽃은 희다.

13. 잎은 3 각상 난형이고 심장저이다 ··················································································1201. 태백제비꽃

13. 잎은 섬장저가 아니다

14 잎은 장타원형， 화살밑형이다 ···················································································1202. 흰젖제비꽃

14. 잎은 타원상 피침형, 화살밑형이다 ················································································1203. 흰제비꽃

12. 꽃은 자주색 내지 보라색이다.

15. 잎은 난형 내지 3각상 난형이다.

16. 잎에 무늬가 있다.

17. 잎표면에 무늬가 생기기도 하고 뒷면에는 자줏빛이 돈다 ············································ 1204. 자주잎제비꽃

17. 잎의 표면은 녹색이고 뒷면은 자줏빛이 돌며 꽃자루에 자줏빛 반점이 있다 ······················· 1205. 민둥뫼제비꽃

16. 잎에 무늬가 없다.

18. 털이 그다지 없다.

19. 꽃은 연한 자주색이다 ······················································································· 1206. 왜제비꽃

19. 꽃은 밝은 자주색이다 ················································································ 1207. 이시도야제비꽃

18. 식물체에 긴 털이 있고 측열편 안쪽에 털이 있다 ························································ 1208. 흰털제비꽃

15. 잎은 난상타원형, 심장형 또는 피침형이다.

20. 잎은 3각상 또는 타원상 피침형이다.

21. 잎은 예두 아심장저로서 털이 많다.

22. 잎은 난상 장타원형이다 ···················································································· 1209. 서울제비꽃

22. 잎은 3 각상피침형이다 ······················································································· 1210. 호제비꽃

21. 잎은둔두, 절저 또는 아심장저로서 털이 없다  ·································································· 1211. 제비꽃

20. 잎은 난심형 또는 난형이다.

23. 꽃은 자주색 또는 보라색이다.

24. 땅속에 포복지가 있다    ······················································································ 1212. 뫼제비꽃

24. 땅속에 포복지가 없다.

25. 측열펀 안쪽에 털이 있다   ··············································································· 1213. 갑산제비꽃

25. 측열편 안쪽에 털이 없고 거는 길이 4~5mm 이며 꽃잎은 끝이 파진다   ·························· 1214. 광릉제비꽃

23 꽃은 희다.

26. 지난해의 잎자루 기부가 남아있고 땅속에 포복지가 있다    ··········································· 1215. 얇은제비꽃

26. 포복지가 없고 묵은 잎자루 기부도 없다    ································································ 1216.각시제비꽃

1. 지상으로 자라는 포복지가 있다.

27. 꽃은 황색이 아니다.

28. 줄기에 능선이 있으며 턱잎이 잎자루보다 길다   ········································································ 1217. 삼색제비꽃

28. 줄기에 능선이 없다.

29. 꽃이 필 때 뿌리에서 돋은 잎이 없다.

30. 잎은 타원형 또는 3각상 피침형이다.

31. 잎은 예저이다   ········································································································· 1218. 왕제비꽃

31. 잎은 절저 또는 심장저로서 총생한다   ··············································································· 1219. 선제비꽃

30. 잎은 3각상 심장형이고 예두이다    ··················································································· 1220. 졸방제비꽃

29. 꽃이 필 때 뿌리에서 돋은 잎이 있다.

32. 턱잎은 거의 톱니가 없다. 건조 후 잎에 갈색점이 없고 꽃은 희다   ················································· 1221. 콩제비꽃

32. 턱잎은 깃처럼 갈라진다. 꽃은 흰 것이 없고 잎은 건조하면 갈색점이 생긴다.

33. 꽃은 줄기에만 달린다.

34. 측열편에 털이 있다   ·····························································································1222. 왜졸방제비꽃

34. 측열편에 털이 없다.

35. 밑에 마른 잎이 붙어 있고 잎에는 털이 있다    ·································································1223. 섬제비꽃

35. 밑에 마른 잎이 없고 잎에는 털이 없다    ··································································1224. 큰졸방제비꽃

33. 꽃은 줄기와 뿌리에서도 돋는다.

36. 줄기 끝에 달린 잎은 대생하고 폐쇄화가 달린다   ···························································1225. 넓은잎제비꽃

36. 대생엽은 없다.

37. 잎은 심장형 또는 편심형이고 거는 길이 6-8mm 이하이다   ··············································1226. 낚시제비꽃

37. 뿌리에서 돋은 잎은 심장형 또는 심원형이고 줄기에 달린 잎은 난상 좁은 3 각형이다 ················1227. 긴잎제비꽃

27. 꽃은 황색이다.

38. 줄기는 비스듬히 서고 잎은 심원형이며 암술대에 털이 있다.

39. 잎은 앓고 다소 털이 있으며 녹색이다  ··················································································1228. 장백제비꽃

39. 잎은 두껍고 털이 없으며 잎자루와 꽃자루는 붉은빛이 돈다  ·····················································1229. 구름털제비꽃

38. 줄기는 곧추서고 잎은 심장형 또는 신장형이며 측열판에 혈이 있다.

40. 근경은 옆으로 자라고 끝에 1-2 개의 비늘잎이 있다.

41. 잎은 심장형이며 예두이다  ··························································································1230. 털노랑제비꽃

41. 잎은 신장형이며 원두이다   ····························································································1231. 털대제비꽃

40. 근경은 곧추 자라고 잎은 심장형이며 두껍다   ··········································································1232. 노랑제비꽃